Vehicle Bill of Sale Template

A free vehicle bill of sale template for private car and truck sales, including the VIN, the federal odometer disclosure, the purchase price, and as-is terms. Download in PDF or Word and fill in the bracketed fields.

Last updated: August 5, 2026

What Is a Vehicle Bill of Sale?

A vehicle bill of sale is the written record of a private car or truck sale. It identifies the vehicle by VIN, states the price and payment method, records the odometer reading, and confirms the vehicle is sold as-is. Most states will ask for it, or for the information in it, when the buyer registers the vehicle and pays use tax.

It also protects the seller in a way that is easy to underestimate. Once the keys are handed over, the vehicle can be driven, parked illegally, involved in a collision, or abandoned — and until the transfer is on record, tickets and liability tend to follow the name on the registration. A dated bill of sale showing exactly when the vehicle left your possession, combined with a prompt release of liability filing with the state motor vehicle agency, is what closes that exposure.

When to Use This Template

  • You are buying or selling a car, truck, van, or SUV in a private transaction
  • The buyer needs documentation to title, register, and insure the vehicle
  • You need to record the odometer reading as required by federal and state law
  • The seller wants proof of the exact date liability for the vehicle transferred
  • The vehicle is older, high-mileage, or sold with known defects and needs clear as-is terms
  • A vehicle is being gifted or traded between family members and still needs a paper record

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Full text of the template. Fields in [BRACKETS] are placeholders you fill in.

Vehicle Bill of Sale

  1. 1. 1. Seller and Buyer

    VEHICLE BILL OF SALE. Date of Sale: [DATE OF SALE]. SELLER: [SELLER FULL NAME], address [SELLER ADDRESS], phone [SELLER PHONE], email [SELLER EMAIL], driver license number [SELLER LICENSE NUMBER AND STATE]. BUYER: [BUYER FULL NAME], address [BUYER ADDRESS], phone [BUYER PHONE], email [BUYER EMAIL], driver license number [BUYER LICENSE NUMBER AND STATE]. The Seller represents being the lawful owner of the vehicle described below and having full authority to sell it. Both parties confirm being of legal age to enter into this transaction.

  2. 2. 2. Vehicle Description

    The Seller sells and transfers to the Buyer the following motor vehicle (the "Vehicle"): Year: [YEAR]. Make: [MAKE]. Model: [MODEL]. Body style: [BODY STYLE, e.g., 4-door sedan, pickup]. Color: [COLOR]. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN): [VIN]. License plate number: [PLATE NUMBER AND STATE]. Engine and transmission: [ENGINE / TRANSMISSION]. Title number: [TITLE NUMBER] issued by [TITLE STATE]. Included with the Vehicle: [INCLUDED ITEMS, e.g., both key fobs, owner manual, spare tire, roof rack, winter tires]. Known defects or damage: [KNOWN DEFECTS, e.g., check engine light, prior collision repair, air conditioning inoperative, or NONE KNOWN].

  3. 3. 3. Odometer Disclosure

    Federal and state law require the Seller to state the mileage of the Vehicle in connection with its transfer. Failure to complete this disclosure or providing a false statement may result in fines or imprisonment. The Seller certifies that the odometer now reads [ODOMETER READING] miles, with no tenths, and that to the best of the knowledge of the Seller it reflects the actual mileage of the Vehicle, unless one of the following boxes is checked: [ ] the mileage stated is in excess of the mechanical limits of the odometer; [ ] the odometer reading is NOT the actual mileage — WARNING: ODOMETER DISCREPANCY. Date of odometer reading: [READING DATE]. Vehicles that are more than the model-year age set by federal rule, or that exceed the applicable weight rating, may be exempt from this disclosure requirement; where the state title contains its own odometer section, that section must also be completed.

  4. 4. 4. Purchase Price and Payment

    The total purchase price of the Vehicle is [PURCHASE PRICE] ([PRICE IN WORDS] dollars). Payment is made by [PAYMENT METHOD, e.g., cash, cashier check, bank transfer, money order]. Select one. (a) Paid in full: the Seller acknowledges receiving the full purchase price on [PAYMENT DATE] and the Vehicle is delivered free of any obligation to the Seller. (b) Deposit and balance: a deposit of [DEPOSIT AMOUNT] was received on [DEPOSIT DATE] and the balance of [BALANCE AMOUNT] is due on [BALANCE DUE DATE], with the Vehicle and title released only on payment in full. (c) Gift or trade: the consideration is [GIFT OR TRADE DESCRIPTION], and the parties will complete any gift affidavit required by the state motor vehicle agency. Any sales or use tax due on this transaction is the responsibility of [PARTY RESPONSIBLE FOR TAX], and is typically collected by the state when the Buyer registers the Vehicle.

  5. 5. 5. Title, Liens, and Transfer of Ownership

    The Seller warrants having clear and marketable title to the Vehicle, free of all liens, loans, and encumbrances, except: [DISCLOSED LIEN OR NONE]. If a lien exists, the Seller will pay it off and deliver a lien release from the lienholder to the Buyer within [LIEN RELEASE PERIOD, e.g., ten days] of the sale. The Seller will sign the certificate of title over to the Buyer, complete any state transfer form, and provide any smog, safety inspection, or emissions certificate required in [STATE] at the time of sale. Ownership and all risk of loss pass to the Buyer on [TRANSFER DATE] at [TRANSFER TIME], when possession of the Vehicle and the keys is delivered. The Buyer will title and register the Vehicle in the name of the Buyer within [REGISTRATION PERIOD, e.g., ten days] as required by state law.

  6. 6. 6. As-Is Sale and No Warranty

    THE VEHICLE IS SOLD "AS IS," WITH ALL FAULTS AND WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The Buyer has inspected the Vehicle, or has been given the opportunity to inspect it and to have it examined by a mechanic of the choice of the Buyer, and accepts it in its present condition. The Seller is not responsible for any repair, mechanical failure, or defect discovered after the transfer date, whether or not it existed at the time of sale. Any remaining manufacturer or extended warranty transfers only if the warranty provider allows it, and the Seller makes no representation that it will. This as-is sale does not limit liability for any intentional misrepresentation by the Seller about the condition, mileage, or history of the Vehicle.

  7. 7. 7. Insurance, Plates, and Release of Liability

    The Buyer is responsible for insuring the Vehicle from the transfer date and confirms that insurance coverage meeting the minimum requirements of [STATE] is in place before operating it. The Seller will remove the license plates from the Vehicle unless state law requires the plates to remain with the Vehicle: [PLATE HANDLING, e.g., plates removed by Seller / plates transferred with Vehicle]. The Seller will file a notice of transfer or release of liability with the state motor vehicle agency within [RELEASE FILING PERIOD, e.g., five days] of the sale so that responsibility for tickets, tolls, and incidents after the transfer date rests with the Buyer. The Buyer is solely responsible for any citation, toll, parking charge, impound cost, or collision occurring after the transfer date, and will indemnify the Seller against any such claim.

  8. 8. 8. Governing Law and Entire Agreement

    This Bill of Sale is governed by the laws of the State of [GOVERNING STATE], and any dispute arising from it will be brought in the courts located in [COUNTY AND STATE]. This document is the entire agreement between the parties regarding the Vehicle and replaces any listing, advertisement, text message, or verbal statement made before signing. Any change must be in writing and signed by both parties. If any provision is unenforceable, the remaining provisions stay in effect. This Bill of Sale binds the heirs, personal representatives, and successors of both parties, and may be signed in counterparts, including electronically where the state motor vehicle agency accepts electronic signatures.

  9. 9. 9. Signatures and Notarization

    The Seller certifies that the statements in this document, including the odometer disclosure, are true and correct. The Buyer acknowledges receiving the Vehicle in as-is condition. SELLER: [SELLER FULL NAME]. Signature: ______________________. Date: [DATE]. BUYER: [BUYER FULL NAME]. Signature: ______________________. Date: [DATE]. CO-SELLER OR CO-BUYER (if the title lists more than one owner): Signature: ______________________. Printed Name: [NAME]. Date: [DATE]. NOTARY ACKNOWLEDGMENT (required in some states, including for certain title transfers): State of [STATE], County of [COUNTY]. Subscribed and sworn before me on [DATE] by [NAMES]. Notary Signature: ______________________. My commission expires: [EXPIRATION DATE].

  10. 10. Disclaimer

    This template is provided for general informational purposes only and is not legal advice. Vehicle transfer requirements are set by each state and often include a specific state form, notarization, emissions or safety inspection, a release of liability filing, and use tax collected at registration. Federal odometer disclosure rules also apply and carry penalties for false statements. Check the requirements published by the motor vehicle agency in your state before completing the sale, and consult a licensed attorney if the transaction is disputed or unusual. Use of this template does not create an attorney-client relationship with ScanContract.

Key Clauses Explained

What each important clause does — and what to watch out for before you sign.

Vehicle Identification Number

Identifies the exact vehicle being sold so the document matches the title and the registration record.

Buyers should read the VIN off the dashboard and the door jamb and compare it letter by letter with the title, not just with the listing. A mismatch stops a registration cold and is a warning sign for a salvage or stolen vehicle. Run a history report on the VIN before paying, since it costs far less than the problem it prevents.

Odometer Disclosure

Records the mileage under the federal disclosure requirement and flags any discrepancy.

This is the one part of the document with criminal exposure attached. Sellers must state the reading honestly and check the discrepancy box if the number is not the true mileage. Buyers should compare the reading against service records and the history report, since rollback is still common on private sales.

As-Is Sale

Confirms the buyer takes the vehicle in current condition with no warranty of any kind.

Buyers who sign this and discover a failing transmission the next week generally have no claim. Get a pre-purchase inspection before signing, not after. Sellers should know that as-is does not cover lying about a known defect or about accident history, which is fraud rather than a warranty question.

Title and Lien Warranty

The seller promises clear title and agrees to clear any existing loan on the vehicle.

A lienholder still on the title means the seller does not fully own the car, and the buyer cannot register it. Buyers should verify the title is in the seller name, is not marked salvage or rebuilt unless disclosed, and carries no lien. Never hand over full payment for a vehicle whose title the seller cannot produce.

Transfer Date and Risk of Loss

Fixes the moment responsibility for the vehicle moves from seller to buyer.

Sellers should write the time as well as the date, since a collision hours after the handshake turns this line into the most important sentence in the document. Buyers must have insurance in force from that moment, because driving away uninsured is both a legal problem and a financial one.

Release of Liability Filing

Commits the seller to notify the state that the vehicle was sold and on what date.

Sellers who skip this filing keep receiving tickets, tolls, and sometimes liability claims for a car they no longer own. Most states accept the notice online and it takes minutes. Buyers should register promptly too, since a delayed registration leaves the seller exposed and can generate late-transfer penalties for the buyer.

Payment Method

Records how the price was paid and whether any balance remains before the title is released.

Sellers should not sign over a title against a personal check, a payment app transfer, or a cashier check they have not verified with the issuing bank, since forged instruments are common in vehicle sales. Meeting at the bank of the buyer to complete payment is the simplest protection for both sides.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a vehicle bill of sale need to be notarized?
It depends on the state. Several states, including Louisiana, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, and West Virginia, require notarization for certain vehicle transfers or title assignments, while most others do not. Even where it is optional, notarizing is inexpensive and makes the document much harder to challenge. Check the current requirement with the motor vehicle agency in the state where the buyer will register the vehicle.
Is a bill of sale enough to transfer ownership of a car?
No. The certificate of title is what transfers legal ownership, and the seller must sign it over to the buyer, who then submits it to the state to be retitled and registered. The bill of sale documents the transaction, the price, the odometer reading, and the transfer date, and most states want it as supporting evidence at registration — but it does not replace the title.
Do I have to complete the odometer disclosure?
In almost all cases, yes. Federal law requires a written odometer disclosure when a motor vehicle changes hands, with limited exemptions for older vehicles and for those above a specified weight rating. A false statement can carry civil and criminal penalties. If the reading is not accurate because the odometer was replaced or has rolled over, check the appropriate box rather than leaving the reading unqualified.
What should the seller do immediately after the sale?
Remove the license plates unless state law says they stay with the vehicle, file the notice of transfer or release of liability with the state motor vehicle agency, cancel or transfer the insurance policy, and keep a signed copy of the bill of sale along with a photo of the odometer and the signed title. That combination is what protects a seller from tickets, tolls, and liability claims arising after the handover.
Can I sell a car that still has a loan on it?
Yes, but the lien must be cleared before the buyer can title the vehicle. The usual approach is to complete the sale at the bank or credit union holding the loan, so the payoff is made directly and the lienholder releases the title. Disclose the lien on the bill of sale, and never rely on a promise to pay off the loan after the buyer has handed over the money.

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